Magnetite sans microbes

Modes of Biomineralization of Magnetite by Microbes

Biomineralization processes have traditionally been grouped into two distinct modes; biologically induced mineralization (BIM) and biologically controlled mineralization (BCM). In BIM, mi­ crobes cause mineral formation by sorbing solutes onto their cell surfaces or extruded organic polymers and/or releasing reactive metabolites which alter the saturation state of the solution proxi­ mal to the...

Congenital CSF Rhinorrhoea sans Encephalocoele, sans Trauma, sans Tumour

The authors describe a case of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea due to a congenital defect in cribriform plate, an anomaly that has not been described hitherto. It was successfully treated surgically.

'Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything:' resourcing mental health services for older people.

Lice, Humans, and Microbes

Lice are small, wingless, minor ectoparasites of mammals and birds. More than 540  blood-sucking lice (Phthiraptera: Anoplura) have been described with each host having its own type of louse, suggesting the cospeciation of the lice species with their host. Among these, two lice species from two different genera infest humans: Pediculus humanus and Phthirus pubis (pubic “crab” l...

Information Elicitation Sans Verification

The recent advent of human computation — employing groups of non-experts to solve problems — has motivated study of a question in mechanism design: How do we elicit useful information when we are unable to verify reports? Existing methods, such as peer prediction and Bayesian truth serum, require assumptions either on the mechanism’s knowledge about the participants or on the information struct...